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Stress-strain Analysis of Chosen Spinal Fixation Device
Prášilová, Eva ; Valášek, Jiří (referee) ; Marcián, Petr (advisor)
The degenerative and traumatic injuries of a spine are very frequent. In those cases it is necessary to stabilize the corresponding spine segment using a spine implant. The spinal implants are rigid or flexible, the latter known as dynamic ones in medical practice. In this thesis, the problems of the physiological spinal segment and the segment with implant were solved using the computational modelling (finite element method). Computational model consists of 4 lumbar vertebrae L2 – L5, intervertebral discs, joints and spinal implants. The spinal segment was loaded by the force 400N and 200N, than by force 200N together with bending moments 2,5Nm and 5Nm depending of the motion. The displacement of the whole system, contact pressure of cartilages, equivalent strain in cancellous bone and equivalent stress in the implant were analyzed. The deformation of the physiological model and the model with the implant are comparable, but the bone tissue of the model with the implant is dramatically more loaded in vicinity of the screws.
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The physiotherapy after soft tissue surgery of the knee joint after injury
ROZŠAFNÁ, Markéta
The bachelor's thesis deals with physiotherapy after soft tissue surgery of the knee joint caused by an injury. The work is divided into two main parts, the theoretical part and practical part. The theoretical part of the thesis first describes the anatomy, function, and kinesiology of the knee joint. The function of the soft tissues of the knee joint - ligaments and menisci - is also explained. Follows the pathophysiology of the knee joint, divided into congenital malformations and soft tissue injuries. At the end of the theoretical part of the work deals with the treatment of meniscus disorders and the treatment of disorders of the fibrous apparatus of the knee joint. The practical part was developed in the form of mixed research. The research group consisted of three probands - adult men aged 45-55 years, who met the conditions of this work. Two patients came to the Center of physiotherapy - Faculty of Health and Social sciences in České Budějovice, where I had the opportunity to work with them. The third patient came from my family and I met him at home. The practical part of the work consists of elaborated case reports of individual probands, input and output examinations, and a description of therapies. This work aimed to determine the effect of physiotherapy in patients after soft tissue injuries to the knee joint. The second goal was to find out how quickly the patient can return to the regime and normal life after the injury, or if there are any differences between the treatment rates of the athletic and non-athletic patients. I met probands regularly for 7-10 weeks, depending on the severity of their injury. The success of the therapy was evaluated according to the objective evaluation of the patient, by comparing the entrance and exit examinations and the subjective evaluation. Thanks to the evaluation of patients, it can be stated that both selected goals were met.
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Methodical procedures and comparison of various techniques of taping in the area of the knee joint
SYROVÁTKA, Tomáš
This bachelor thesis has theoretical and didactic character and it concerns with methodical procedures of taping in the area of a knee joint. Analytical part was made on basis of analysis of scientific literature, and it contains detail description of anatomy, kinesiology, and the most frequent injuries of the knee joint. In the thesis there is also described method of taping itself, division of the taping tapes on flex and stiff tapes. Next there are described concrete methods of taping, functionality, and principles of correct taping. Crucial part of this thesis is synthetic part. There are described and compared methodical procedures of taping in a knee joint. Compared methods were complete stabilization, lateral ligaments, patella and taping of injured ACL. Part of the synthetic part is photodocumentary of the procedures with stiff and flex tapes with detail description of the procedures. There is also comparison of the taping methods. The final result could serve as a tool for sport trainers or individuals, who are devoted to regeneration or to sport itself.
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Stress-strain Analysis of Chosen Spinal Fixation Device
Prášilová, Eva ; Valášek, Jiří (referee) ; Marcián, Petr (advisor)
The degenerative and traumatic injuries of a spine are very frequent. In those cases it is necessary to stabilize the corresponding spine segment using a spine implant. The spinal implants are rigid or flexible, the latter known as dynamic ones in medical practice. In this thesis, the problems of the physiological spinal segment and the segment with implant were solved using the computational modelling (finite element method). Computational model consists of 4 lumbar vertebrae L2 – L5, intervertebral discs, joints and spinal implants. The spinal segment was loaded by the force 400N and 200N, than by force 200N together with bending moments 2,5Nm and 5Nm depending of the motion. The displacement of the whole system, contact pressure of cartilages, equivalent strain in cancellous bone and equivalent stress in the implant were analyzed. The deformation of the physiological model and the model with the implant are comparable, but the bone tissue of the model with the implant is dramatically more loaded in vicinity of the screws.
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